The Paperless Office and Paperless Society Will Never Happen

The Paperless Office and the Paperless Society Will Never Happen With the across the board presentation of work stations into workplaces, and the developing ubiquity of the PC, futurists and PC defenders imagined the appearance of the â€Å"paperless office†. They anticipated that soon, for all intents and purposes all paper expended in workplaces would be supplanted by electronic, PC based mediums. Office laborers, who before the appearance of the PC depended altogether on typewriters, paper recording frameworks, and printed archives, could now make, store, and offer data utilizing PCs. There would be no compelling reason to print out reports, since they would be in every case advantageously accessible for see utilizing any accessible work station. Indeed, even libraries, which generally contain endless supply of printed books, could be supplanted by a huge assortment of books in electronic structure. There are a few primary favorable circumstances of electronically put away data, instead of paper-based data. Content profound inside an electronic library can be discovered utilizing looking through calculations, and a solitary thing inside an electronic library can be shared and gotten to by an almost boundless number of clients all the while, who can be situated in assorted geographic areas. Another bit of leeway of a â€Å"paperless society† is ecological in nature: a reliance on paper negatively affects our world’s timberlands, which are fundamental to the planet from various perspectives, for example, giving oxygen, engrossing water, securing soil, and managing atmosphere. I would contend, in any case, that this ecological bit of leeway is to some degree loosened up of extent by PC advocates, in light of the fact that the production of PCs requires characteristic assets, and there are new environm... ... Industry Key Statistics As Published by the Pulp and Paper Products Council. American Process Inc. <http://www.americanprocess.com/canadapulp/summary.html> [v] Statistics Canada CANSIM Data Base. CANSIM is an official Mark of Statistics Canada. Arrangement: C892268, Source: SDDS 3604 DEMOGRAPHY DIVISION [vi] Statistics Canada CANSIM Data Base. Arrangement: D10505, Source: SDDS 4432 STC (63-016XPB) [vii] Same as (4). [viii] Laser Printer History. 4 Apr. 2001. American Calco Inc. <http://www.americancalco.com/history.htm> [ix] Information Technology and Structural Change of the Global Forest Sector. 28 Feb. 2003. Universal Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. <http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Research/FOR/it_cons.html> [x] Healy, Sean. No Technofix for the Third World. 4 Oct. 2001. ZNet. <http://www.zmag.org/sustainers/content/2001-10%5C04healy.cfm>

West Jet †Strengths & Weakness

WestJet Airlines is one of the minimal effort air bearers of Canada. In an extremely less range of time WestJet had picked up the situation of market pioneer in household aircrafts in Canada. The fundamental purpose for this achievement could be the systems being trailed by the administration while offering types of assistance to the clients. Giving magnificent consumer loyalty is by all accounts the aphorism of the firm. Other than holding its situation as the market chief Westjet proactively keeps up its standard as a pioneer of ecological approach in the carrier business through corporate and individual obligation. Just as clinging to the entirety of the nearby, national and worldwide norms, West Jet adopts hands on responsibility strategy where no rules exist to guarantee that the enterprise stays receptive to current ecological issues and to keep new natural worries from emerging. WestJet endeavors to utilize and create innovations that are naturally stable. It additionally reuses and underpins the utilization of reused materials where conceivable. Representatives are additionally prompted and urge to make wellbeing †cognizant and naturally quality choices. This is guaranteed through legitimate preparing and the satisfactory financing expected to aintain an exclusive requirement of ecological duty. (West Jet Annual Report, 2003, p. 39). Qualities of WestJet Airlines: Concerning qualities and shortcomings of the firm, a SWOT examination is require to evaluate the degree to which the techniques of the aircrafts have been fruitful. SWOT represents qualities, shortcoming, openings and danger s. Qualities and shortcoming are the inner components while openings and dangers are the outside factor. Here we would consider just the inward factors. The qualities of WestJet are self-evident. The aircraft is a gainful association. The achievement of WestJet could be credited to the diverse administration systems being actualize in the firm. These methodologies particularly the client maintenance technique are detailed and well actualize considering the serious condition in today’s world. The quality of WestJet Airlines lies in the underneath referenced variables: ? Accentuation on client assistance and client assistance connections. ? WestJet’s straightforward methodology doesn't just mean a cut in lodge group, yet in addition permits a quicker pre-flight planning, in this way lessening the time grounded too keeping up low passage. Better traveler administrations contrasted with the rivalries, particularly Air Canada. ? High airplane usage. ? Minimization of operational expenses on the board which is gotten by ideally using the labor assets. ? Solid spotlight on cost authority and benchmarking. It is exceptionally ecological cordial which is considered the exercises being carried on under reusing. WestJet completely underpins reusing of waste de-icing liquid. West Jet agreements to utilize propylene glycol any place conceivable rather than ethylene glycol for airplane deicing in the greater part of its courses and any place it is strategically accessible Weaknesses of WestJet Airlines: Too much reliance on the business ravel advertise fragment. ? Expanded reliance on traveler incomes instead of having a differentiated source. ? Household aircraft with no presentation in the local †worldwide fragment. ? Restricted practical development conceivable into more up to date goals well beyond as of now served. ? Severe rivalry from Air Canada. The shortcomings are impeding as obstructions in the further development of the firm. So as to defeats these shortcomings and hold its situation as market pioneer, it turns out to be exceptionally fundamental fro WestJet to use the vario us chances and convert the various dangers in to its qualities.

An Early Childhood Education And Care †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the An Early Childhood Education And Care. Answer: Three diverse learning styles proposed by Dunn and Dunn (1978) A youth instructor has a key task to carry out in the lives of the youngsters. It is significant that they comprehend the various styles of learning and its significance in the lives of the youngsters. The different learning styles, as proposed by Dunn and Dunn (1987), are as per the following: Ecological Enthusiastic Sociological Physical Mental Out of these five learning styles, the three picked styles incorporate the ecological components, sociological components, and physiological components. Ecological components The ecological components incorporate the nearness of nonappearance of sound, light and its splendor, temperature and the sentiment of hot or cold and the structure formal and casual seating. The commotion level is a significant factor for learning (Buckingham, 2013). While a portion of the kids need a tranquil situation for learning, others can learn in an uproarious domain too. It is critical to recognize the learning style in which the youngsters are agreeable (Schmeck et al., 2013). On the off chance that a youngster needs a calmer spot for concentrating and learning, at that point the kid ought to be permitted to move into the calmer spot, in this way encouraging learning (Dunn Price, 1978). A few understudies can't pack in supreme quietness. It is imperative to recognize them and grant delicate music or music without verses to assist them with concentrating and complete their learning. Alongside sound, light is likewise a basic factor. While a few kids want to bring light, whil e the others are progressively agreeable to learn under low light. Huge numbers of the understudies can't focus and think in the event that they feel amazingly hot. Subsequently, it is critical to keep the temperature of the room cool, encouraging the youngsters to adapt viably. Sociological components The sociological components incorporate the individual getting the hang of, learning in groups, learning in nearness of a specialists figure, or differed. Numerous youngsters are open to learning alone, while others lean toward learning in gatherings (Buckingham, 2013). A portion of the understudies are agreeable in taking in with help from the position figures and grown-ups. The learning style of every one of them must be recognized separately and encouraged (Dunn Price, 1978). The youngsters who lean toward learning alone ought to be guided with the exercise and afterward left alone to learn. Be that as it may, a portion of the kids want to concentrate in little gatherings. They talk about and comprehend the exercises better. In this way, these kids ought to be allowed the chance to concentrate in peer gatherings. Physiological components This incorporates the perceptual factor, admission, time and versatility. It is fundamental to comprehend, regardless of whether he understudy is a visual or sensation student (Schmeck et al., 2013). Also, regardless of whether the student has a propensity for admission of food like tidbits, while learning must be distinguished too (Dunn Price, 1978). The ideal time that the understudy requirements for learning must be recognized, alongside the requirement for portability, while learning. In this way, the physiological components must be surely known by the instructor, to encourage learning among the youngsters. Utilization of innovation to help the previously mentioned learning styles The utilization of innovation is significant so as to help the previously mentioned learning styles. So as to guarantee that natural learning is encouraged, utilization of homerooms with casual seating configuration must be consolidated, to such an extent that the understudies can pick an agreeable situation of seating while at the same time learning. Also, educating through recordings and sound clippings is basic. This will enable the youngsters to get a handle on the exercises significantly more successfully. Utilizing pretend is additionally compelling. A large number of the understudies can learn quicker and better, with the utilization of visuals. Consequently, utilizing pretend and visuals, these youngsters are encouraged. Instructing utilizing addresses are likewise viable in helping the kids gain proficiency with their exercises effectively. Intuitive learning is useful for the kids who learn quicker with association with a gathering of individuals, as opposed to learning alo ne (O'Donnell et al., 2013). The intelligent homerooms will guarantee that the kids learn quicker than the utilization of the regular strategies for learning. Additionally, portable learning applications are likewise accessible for helping the youngsters in learning. This guarantees the understudies utilize the learning application and learn while in versatility (Riding Rayner, 2013). This utilization of innovation encourages the youngsters who lean toward taking in while moving starting with one spot then onto the next. Consequently, the ecological, sociological just as physiological components are thought of and with the utilization of innovation, the learning style of the kids could be encouraged. In this way, with the broad utilization of innovation, the different learning styles are bolstered and encouraged. References Buckingham, D. (2013).Beyond innovation: Children's learning in the period of computerized culture. John Wiley Sons. Dunn, R. S., Price, G. E. (1978). The learning style qualities of skilled students.Gifted Child Quarterly,24(1), 33-36. O'Donnell, A. M., Hmelo-Silver, C. E., Erkens, G. (Eds.). (2013).Collaborative getting the hang of, thinking, and innovation. Routledge. Riding, R., Rayner, S. (2013).Cognitive styles and learning systems: Understanding style contrasts in learning and conduct. Routledge. Schmeck, R. R. (Ed.). (2013).Learning systems and learning styles. Springer Science Business Media. Sternberg, R. J., Zhang, L. F. (Eds.). (2014).Perspectives on intuition, learning, and psychological styles. Routledge.

The Influence of Social Status on Individuals Assessment and Self

Unique People are seen to be more brilliant or increasingly proficient relying upon their positions or their jobs in the public eye. Societal position doesn't just impact the manner in which influential people are surveyed however it likewise affects individuals’ self-appraisal and the decision of standards of conduct which can be the motivation behind why they are seen more knowledgeable.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The Influence of Social Status on Individuals’ Assessment and Self-Assessment explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More regarding the current research it was directed a test game which required the job of an examiner and that of the answerer subsequently the objective of assessment became â€Å"self† versus â€Å"partner†. Results show that the jobs in the Quiz-Game influenced how spectators passed judgment on the examiner and answerer. We likewise observed that job had an impact of how the examiner and answerer saw themselves. Influential people act more circumstance reliable as far as investigates as well as in the genuine too, which can be either advantageous or destructive for the improvement of generally society. Acquaintance People are seen with be more astute or increasingly proficient relying upon their positions or their jobs in the public eye. Furthermore how we see ourselves when contrasted with others on same degree of job with ourselves as equivalent or less information to somebody like ourselves, I essentially concur with their exploration that we are seen by our job that we play in the public eye so this is the thing that my examination is about it can likewise be alluded to as (FAE) central attribution blunder and related article as bolstered in social brain science. As a matter of fact, increasingly influential individuals act in an alternate way and uncover progressively factor responses to different circumstances which can be the motivation behind why they ar e seen increasingly learned. In this manner, Guinote (2008) announced that influential people would in general act diversely as per various circumstances. The survey’s discoveries likewise recommend that influential people change their personal conduct standards across different circumstances more when contrasted with weak people. Because of such circumstance consistency influential people are viewed as progressively experienced and increasingly educated. Quite, this observation is frequently summed up since influential people are not evaluated by their past conduct or execution, rather they are seen as proficient because of their societal position. Societal position doesn't just impact the manner in which influential people are evaluated yet it additionally affects individuals’ self-appraisal and the decision of standards of conduct. For example, as indicated by Lammers and Stapel (2009) having power impacts the manner in which people attempt to fathom moral dilemmas. Advertising Looking for explore paper on brain research? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lammers and Stapel (2009) found that all the more influential people would in general focus on rules and standards, though less influential people concentrated on the results. It merits referencing that in circumstances when choices dependent on standards and rules compromised participants’ personal circumstance, all the more influential people would in general take care of the issue focusing on the results. In this manner, individuals’ status is a significant (if not fundamental) factor which impacts their conduct. Remarkably, not just others see influential individuals as progressively proficient, however influential people evaluate themselves in like manner. Such self-appraisal makes influential people act as per their personal responsibility and as far as ordinary standards. By the by, now and then this eccentricity of people’s evaluation can be destructive, since some increasingly influential individuals can utilize their situation in to arrive at their own points. Cooper (2002) reports that cops who are all the more influential people don't generally attempt to support less influential people. Rather these all the more influential people utilize their position, and their choices regularly viewed as right because of the appraisal that all the more influential individuals are progressively educated. As a matter of fact, influential people are viewed as increasingly proficient and because of this observation they are regularly in more good situation than less influential people. Ross et al. (1977) thought about the connection between's economic wellbeing and individuals’ evaluation. As per Ross et al. (1977) influential people are seen as progressively proficient based on their status. Besides, influential individuals know about their ideal position and frequently use it to â€Å"in appropriately regard individuals from their own station appropriate to their specific administration tasks† (Ross et al., 1977, p.494). It is important to bring up that regardless of the extensive measure of reviews on the relationship among's status and individual observation, the difficult needs further research. Conversation In brain research quality predispositions are universal, somewhat they are alluded to contemporary social psychology’s bedrock. The attribution inclinations lead us to misjudging the essentialness of inert, situational factors over the responsive human variables. Ross et al (1977) demonstrates that when making right social decisions, self-introduction advantages and confinements ought to be satisfactorily perceived on entertainers of social jobs. Experimentation used to inspect social understanding in an experience where a member made hard inquiries that depended on general information while another member endeavored to tackle the specific questi ons.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The Influence of Social Status on Individuals’ Assessment and Self-Assessment explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Findings indicated that perceivers don't give satisfactory recompense and leave a biasing impact on the â€Å"interviewer† and the â€Å"interviewee.† When judging the both of the members the examiners gave a remittance to show obscure information that they display in forming the inquiries. They were constantly perceived as better than the ones responding to their inquiries. Relational experiences present sufficient information on social decisions and while assessing oneself. Individual exhibitions on such event strengthened by the social jobs every individual shares. There are eminent one-sided impacts upon execution. As to the test game the particular observational exhibit manages the jobs of the â€Å"questioner† and the â€Å"answerer† it additionally involves the predisposition acumen of the general information that lead to irregular errand, it purposes to satisfy the jobs of the test game. Ross et al (1977) the errands took an interest by the examiner is to make a rundown out of general information test and afterward offer them to the answerer contender. The two members and two or three onlookers are available in the entire procedure. The job of the eyewitnesses is to evaluate the contestants’ general information in the entire exercise. Incredible accentuation is put on the job gave, all in all information the points of interest and the weaknesses of self-introduction in test game. Their job of these preferences and difficulties are neither downplayed nor hidden. The current research additionally demonstrates that societal position influences individuals’ evaluation. In any case, people who were placed in progressively good position, for example the situation of the examiner who had the inquiries and the appropri ate responses close by, were viewed by spectators as progressively amazing, for example progressively learned. Quite, the onlookers were probably going to believe that the examiners were progressively proficient to a great extent focusing on the predominant status of the more influential people. It's a given that examiners didn't need to uncover the extent of their insight to demonstrate their level, they just posed inquiries. It follows that the onlookers didn't have the genuine chance to survey the degree of the questioners’ information, however they despite everything assessed the examiners as progressively proficient. The onlookers evaluated the examiners concentrating on their economic wellbeing and conduct, not on their accurate information. What the eyewitnesses saw was that the examiners were sufficiently certain and could address the answerer if the last was wrong. The eyewitnesses didn't consider that the examiners essentially had the appropriate responses written i n their papers which made them increasingly learned. It is important to call attention to that numerous examiners could neglect to address the inquiries on the off chance that they were in the situation of answerers. Clearly, the onlookers didn't give a lot of consideration to that reality. It is conceivable to expect that the eyewitnesses put together their decisions with respect to their past experience: the individuals who pose inquiries are, when in doubt, all the more impressive and progressively educated. This sort of speculation works in the specific instance of the test game.Advertising Searching for look into paper on brain research? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Aside from this generalizations which had sway on the observers’ evaluation, affected examiners and answerers’ self-appraisal too. It is critical to express that spectators as well as examiners and answerers shared the perspectives about more and less incredible positions. In fact, people who wound up in predominant position (regardless of whether they involved the situation at irregular) felt progressively certain and that is the reason they produced the impression of being increasingly proficient. Simultaneously, answerers felt that they were in less good position. They could even feel somewhat subordinate to examiners. The answerers were not sure since they didn't have the correct answers close by. The answerers didn't feel that sure and could be

You Are What You Eat Essays - Diets, Intentional Living,

Your health will depend on the type of food you eat Your health will depend on the type of food you eat, goes a celebrated saying. What's more, in the event that that is genuinely the situation, at that point a great deal of Americans would give off an impression of being unfortunate, synthetically treated, economically raised pieces of creature substance. And keeping in mind that that is anything but an especially charming idea, it is in any case a portrayal of the run of the mill American omnivore who gets by on the utilization of Big Macs and steak fajitas. In any case, there are people who don't follow this American standard and have modified their weight control plans so they try not to devour any meat. These individuals are veggie lovers, and they are the new type of solid Americans who will not harm themselves with fats, cholesterol, and the other unsafe added substances that originate from meat. And keeping in mind that once thought to be a development that could never increase a lot of energy, it has in any case moved itself to the bleeding edge of Americans' solid weight control plans. The word vegan, used to depict the weight control plans of individuals who don't expend creature substance, was definitely not utilized until around the mid-1800s. The idea of vegetarianism, nonetheless, goes back a lot further. The Greek thinker Pythagoras, considered by numerous individuals to be the dad of vegetarianism, empowered a non-meat diet among his devotees as an eating routine that was the most common and empowering (Messina 3). A veggie lover diet bars the utilization of meat, and can be practiced by individuals for various reasons. The biggest greater part of people picked vegetarianism for wellbeing related reasons. For model, somebody with a ulcer may be recommended a severe eating routine of vegetables so as to advance the mending process. Or on the other hand somebody with a perilously elevated level of cholesterol may be encouraged to follow a veggie lover diet to bring down their fat and cholesterol consumption. The impropriety of devouring creature tissue is another contention touted by a littler gathering of veggie lovers. R.G. Frey portrays this ethical contention for vegetarianism and the impact that meat eating may have on the character of people: A few people have come to accept and expect that, in the misery and executing which happens in business cultivating, we disparage ourselves, coarsen our sensitivities, dull our sentiments of compassion for our individual animals, thus start the plunge down the tricky slant of torment and passing, to a point where it gets simpler for us to mull over and complete the torment and murdering of individuals. (20) This ethical contention for vegetarianism is likewise noted by John Robbins who expresses that the torment these creatures experience has become so outrageous that to participate in food from these animals is to share accidentally of the contemptible wretchedness that has been their lives(14). In any case, whatever the purposes for an individual's decision to be a veggie lover, it is essential to comprehend the various eating regimens that singular vegans can pick. In the greatest feeling of the word, a veggie lover diet is an eating regimen that is comprised of grains, vegetables and organic product, yet does exclude any creature substance, for example, fish, pork, poultry, or meat. In any case, past these norms, there are numerous varieties of diet that happen inside the universe of vegetarianism. The first, and generally unmistakable, class of vegetarianism is a lacto-ovo vegan. Imprint Messina portrays a lact-ovo diet as ...a veggie lover diet (that) incorporates dairy items and eggs however no creature flesh(7). This implies there is utilization of creature results, for example, milk, eggs, or nectar, however there is no utilization of creature tissue. Another variety is the lacto-veggie lover diet that permits the utilization of milk and other milk items, yet does exclude the utilization of eggs. Also, as all veggie lovers, these two gatherings don't devour fish, poultry, or meat (Messina 7). Another classification that veggie lovers can fall into are vegetarians. The veggie lover diet is by a wide margin the most severe of all the vegan abstains from food. As indicated by Mark Messina, Vegans keep away from meat, fish, poultry, dairy, and eggs. There are numerous different nourishments that may not be satisfactory to numerous veggie lovers, in any case. Nourishments that include creature handling to any degree are frequently avoided(11). This implies veggie lovers can devour no nourishments containing creature results, for example, milk, eggs, or nectar. Being a veggie lover regularly directs an creature cordial way of life that, beside not eating whatever originated from a creature, additionally avoids from purchasing or utilizing items that were tried on creatures or are produced using creature hairs or skin, such as calfskin shoes or belts (Messina 11). A typical misguided judgment of veggie lovers is that they are every one of the a

Expansion of an Irish College IBAT into Mexico Essay

Development of an Irish College IBAT into Mexico - Essay Example Vital and operational administration are connected with one another. Key administration expects to give guidance, direction and limits of operational administration (Steiner, 1997, p.4). In this way Strategic arranging is the way toward creating and keeping up a key fit in the middle of the associations abilities and objectives alongside the changing promoting openings (Kotler, 2008, p.34). The undertaking report is about the extension of an Irish Collage ‘IBAT’ in Mexico. In this way thus PESTEL investigation is done to comprehend the large scale condition of Mexico, alongside an examination is directed upon the instruction division of Mexico. At the point when a brand move into another spot it needs to confront social contrast which should be tackle appropriately and for which human asset group needs to work successfully with the goal that the business and the representatives can adjust to the new culture and condition. In this way IBAT can accept the open door of the developing instruction division of Mexico and add to further its potential benefit. Full scale Environment The Macro condition comprises of system, PESTEL. The PESTEL system plans to classes the natural impacts into six principle types which incorporate political, prudent elements, social, mechanical elements, ecological and legitimate elements. It is fundamental for troughs to comprehend the key drivers of progress and furthermore the effect of these elements on market, ventures and furthermore on singular association (Johnson, 2008, p.65). Political elements: The premise of Mexican legislative issues lies with regards to modernizing the components. With the above setting certain continuous patterns have showed up in the ongoing years, for example, modernization of legislative issues and tying down of vote based system. Local legislative issues is generally overwhelmed by the neighborhood settled in strongmen who regularly will in general speak to families who have been incredible during the frontier times (Klepak, 2008, p.3). In any case, the nation faces some political hazard which depends on numerous prospects. The as a matter of first importance chance emerges from psychological warfare and medication savagery, defilement, congressional Stalemate and Guerrilla action and damage. Consequently, the above variables may put a huge hazard on the political state of Mexico (Schtulmann, 2010). Practical variables: Mexico is positioned as an upper center salary nation by the World Bank. In Mexico destitution is far reaching, about 44% of the Mexican populace lives beneath the neediness line. The economy of Mexico developed by 5% in 2010 after a downturn experienced by the Mexican in 2009 during the period of worldwide financial emergency. The country’s charge income as a level of GDP was about 17.5% during the downturn which was recorded the most minimal among the OECD individuals. Mexico is among the well known traveler goals over the globe. It has pulled in about 21.3 million voyagers in 2010 and has become the tenth most well known traveler goal. In this way the travel industry has added to the economy of the nation and has recorded about $11.8billion (US State Department, 2011). Social Factors: Mexico is one of the most crowded Spanish nations on the planet. About 76% of the Mexican individuals live in the urban zone. The number of inhabitants in Mexico City is about 22million making it one of the biggest convergence of populace in Western Hemisphere. Mexico has had the option to rolled out huge improvements in instruction division and the education rates in the course of the last not many decade have diminished radically. As indicated by a report of World Bank, enlistment at the essential level is widespread and more measures of kids are finishing their essential instruction. Innovative Factors: The fate of Mexican populace relies to a great extent upon the usage of information with the goal that the nation can meet the financial ,

Species In The Ecosystem Different Kind Regulates Ecosystem Processes - 550 Words

Species In The Ecosystem: Different Kind Regulates Ecosystem Processes (Article Sample) Content: Species in the ecosystemEcosystem is a system made of living and non-living components such as water, air and soil. Ecosystem ecologists examine how species of different kind regulates ecosystem processes. The research is enhanced by theories that define the traits of species and form where the ecosystem processes are not resilient to environmental change. Different species are categorized according to their common characteristics and most importantly experiments are done to figure out how different forms of species complement each other to produce the harmony in the ecosystem (Schmitz, 2018). It was widely understood that the ecosystem functioning results from species together producing and recycling nutrients and energy. Scientific discoveries in nature orchestra plant ability to produce edible and nutritious tissues provided the lead and other species provided accompaniment. TThe discoveries were made by studying interactions among group of species that live freel y in the meadows which are the predatory spider and the grasshoppers that feed on herbs and plants. The discoveries shown that the grasshoppers like to feed on the grass which is rich in nitrogen when there is no predator but when the predator is there thy stick to their herbs and plants. The outcome only happened when the g...

Argumentative Essay Topics on Telehealth

Argumentative Essay Topics on TelehealthAn argumentative essay topic on telehealth is a perfect blend of an oral presentation and a written one. The use of arguments gives the essay a personal voice and persuades the reader to engage with the arguments. It also opens up the communication channel, which allows the author to expand on his topic by sharing his observations and beliefs. The essay is also a great way to increase the audience for your telehealth business.There are certain skills and personalities that can help a person develop this interpersonal relationship. You must be able to connect to your readers, reach them emotionally and give them the information that they need to benefit from your service. You must be very persuasive to your readers.It is very important to know who your patients need and what they need in order to get the best medical care possible. A strong argumentative essay topic will let you connect with your customers and let them know the truth. Use statis tics, real life experience and clinical findings to explain your services and have the best value for money.Telehealth might seem like a perfect solution for busy doctors, but the advantage it has over the traditional medical system is that it is cheaper and more convenient for everyone involved. There is a large community of people now that consider telehealth as a wise choice for medical decision making. They want to make sure they get the best quality medical care when they need it most.If you're in a position where you are considering this type of delivery, you might want to become familiar with the professional standards, licensing requirements and the various state and federal laws that govern your industry. This will give you the knowledge you need to offer a complete telehealth service.Telehealth service is also becoming more popular with people who want to stay in touch with their family and friends. It is also a great way to help people with chronic illnesses overcome thei r disabilities. Having a creative and convincing argumentative essay topic helps you connect with your patients and give them information they can use to benefit from your services.The benefits of having this type of essay topics are many. You want to make sure you offer a quality service and tell your customers about all the great things that you can do for them. It's a good idea to come up with unique and interesting argumentative essay topics that can help to support your telehealth services.

Chemistry Glossary Definition of Heat of Fusion

Heat of Fusion Definition: The change in enthalpy for the conversion of 1 mole or 1 gram of a solid to a liquid, at constant pressure and temperature and is usually denoted as ΔHfus. Return to the Chemistry Glossary Index

Animal Testing Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment And Should...

Animal Testing Animal testing has been going on for years; however, few question the ethics of testing medicines that would cure human diseases on animals. Various animals being tested in labs and cruelly force them to be a host of harmful diseases negatively affect their health. Animal testing is cruel and unusual punishment and should discontinue. Animal experimentation is a subject that many know of but don’t know much about. Although it is a big topic, people still don’t pay much attention to it because of their lack of information. Experimenting is a cruel process that causes many innocent animals to suffer. Many cases of violations towards experimenting have been found as well. Testing on animals is unnecessary when laying down the†¦show more content†¦The survey was sent to twenty-three students asking whether they supported or did not support the discontinue of using animals in labs for experimentation. Twenty-two percent of students stated that they di d not support ending animal experimentation in labs, while the other seventy-eight percent did support it. Those who still support animal experimentation must not know what really goes on in labs and how cruel the tests may be. Animals feel pain just as humans feel pain and they might even feel more pain than we do because of how smaller the animal is. Some even have similar cognitive conditions as humans, such as depression or stress as stated, â€Å"Some chimpanzees previously used in biomedical research exhibited symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorders similar to those observed in human (â€Å"Animal Experimentation† no p. #).† Many animals in experimenting facilities have been forced to participate in cruel tests. According to the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, animals have been forced to inhale toxic fumes, their skin burned, their spinal cords crushed, skulls drilled in, isolated or immobilized for hours, and have died inhumanely or traumatized severely with little to no chance of recovery. The animals are isolated in cages, forced to suffer disease and injury, and eventually euthanized. Euthanasia is particularly practiced when experimenting with animals or in veterinary hospitals. It is theShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pageswritten permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley Sons, Inc., 111 River Stree t, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201)748-6011, fax (201)748-6008, website http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALL

The Thinking Behind Interactive Notebooks - 1083 Words

Introduction Interactive Notebooks are broadly utilized as a part of classrooms; some school systems have made them required for specific subjects while in other systems, instructors use them independently. The reason behind an interactive notebooks is to help students organize, and synthesize information given to them in class. The thinking behind Interactive notebooks started with instructional procedures, for example, note taking, idea mapping, and association of data as well as brain research about how students learn best. Interactive notebooks combine all of the research into one instructional strategy to advance student learning. Brief Review of Literature A significant amount of research has been done in the areas of learning styles, numerous intelligences and methods for note taking. To date there has been little research connected to Interactive Notebooks; this study will concentrate on the theories that support the utilization of interactive notebooks. When teachers choose to use Interactive Notebooks in their class rooms, they must be aware of the students learning style to better serve them. Note-Taking Strategies Note taking is something that is used in almost every classroom throughout the US. A learning strategy can be used to rehearse, organize, and elaborate on presented material to make it more meaningful (Kenny Schroeder, 1994). 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Othello Essay Research Paper The character of free essay sample

Othello Essay, Research Paper The character of Iago is of extreme and polar importance to the drama as a whole. His character is brightly defined, giving him a quality that other characters in the narrative do non possess. Iago # 8217 ; s ability to project a at odds quality or emotion to the other characters enables him to work them. It is this quality that Shakespeare bestows on his scoundrel which enables him to order the secret plan so brightly. It is due to the mutuality of the drama # 8217 ; s characters that Othello allows single characters to falsely impute their ain features to others. What one character undertakings onto another is adopted by that other character. While Iago is enmeshed in a matrix of projection with the remainder of the drama # 8217 ; s characters, he besides consciously distances himself from the community plenty to detect and pull strings others. For this ground he is able to defy other character profiles and yet be able to affect his ain character on his victims. It is exactly Iago # 8217 ; s consciousness of the operation of this mechanism that makes him both the drama # 8217 ; s perfect scoundrel and the drama # 8217 ; s most influential character. The action of Othello is staged within a matrix of persons bound to one another with bonds of trust, where one single sets himself apart ( inside ) to function selfish, narrow terminals. Othello is a drama picturing each individual # 8217 ; s individualistic desires against the community as a whole ; much akin to the manner a shark attacks a school of fish. Iago # 8217 ; s strength ballad in the fact that while he undertakings his inward resentment outward to those around him, others project their ain positive qualities onto Iago. Iago identifies Othello # 8217 ; s exposure in his # 8220 ; free and unfastened nature. . .That thinks work forces honest that but seem to be so # 8221 ; ( 1.3.400-1 ) . His remark relates straight back to Othello # 8217 ; s statement to the Duke, # 8220 ; Please your Grace, my antediluvian. A adult male he is of honestness and trust # 8221 ; ( 1.3.286-7 ) . Here we see Othello projecting his ain features # 8211 ; honestness # 8211 ; onto Iago, and Iago taking note of this inclination and planning to take advantage of it. Iago # 8217 ; s acknowledgment of Othello # 8217 ; s trustful nature, nevertheless, allows Iago to project his intuitions onto Othello. The scene in which this takes topographic point, the # 8220 ; enticement # 8221 ; scene, is driven as much by Othello # 8217 ; s position of Iago as it is by Iago # 8217 ; s suggestions. Early on in the scene Othello says the following to # 8220 ; force # 8221 ; Iago to talk his head, # 8220 ; I think thou dost ; / And, for I know thou # 8217 ; rt full of love and honestness. . .Therefore these Michigans of thine fright me the more # 8221 ; ( 3.3.130-3 ) and concludes the scene B Y stating, ironically, â€Å"This fellow’s of transcending honestness, / And knows all qualities, with a erudite spirit / Of human dealing† ( 3.3.274-6 ) . There is no inquiry of Iago’s competency in managing those around him, but once more Othello projectively interprets this competency as an look of Iago’s â€Å"honesty.† Othello’s position of Iago made the success of Iago’s cunning possible, a fact even Iago recognized. The same phenomenon is at work in Iago # 8217 ; s relationship with Roderigo, although it is apparent merely in the velocity with which Roderigo is willing to accommodate Iago # 8217 ; s point of position. The drama # 8217 ; s opening lines consist of Roderigo # 8217 ; s complaint that Iago is keep backing his feelings. Iago employs the same technique with Roderigo that he does with Othello in Act 3. In both instances Iago # 8217 ; s self-judgment serves as the agencies by which his hearer is prepared to accept Iago # 8217 ; s remarks as truth # 8211 ; # 8220 ; nil this terrible could be true. # 8221 ; Iago says to Roderigo in Act 1, # 8220 ; If of all time I did dream of such a affair, Abhor me # 8221 ; ( 1.1.5-6 ) , and drives Othello about mad with the feeling that, # 8220 ; As if there were some monster in his idea / Too horrid to be shown # 8221 ; ( 3.3.121-2 ) . This is the beginning of Iago # 8217 ; s strength. Iago # 8217 ; s true character, one so foreign to t he swearing natures of the people environing him, places him above intuition even while he does uncover the monsters # 8220 ; in his thought. # 8221 ; As evidenced throughout Othello, the projection of Iago # 8217 ; s character is a polar driver to the patterned advance of the secret plan. He is the perfect scoundrel created by Shakespeare, a character of great misrepresentation and one with the ability to dissemble himself and yet mesh world with intangibles. He deceives Othello by working his # 8220 ; free and unfastened nature # 8221 ; and later fast ones Roderigo by working his lecherousness for Desdemona. It is merely imperative that Iago be the sculpturer of Othello. Iago # 8217 ; s complexness and diverseness enables him to order the important scenes in the drama and hence be the pigment for Shakespeare # 8217 ; s canvas. Relatively Bibliography patterned advance of the secret plan. He is the perfect scoundrel created by Shakespeare, a character of great misrepresentation and one with the ability to dissemble himself and yet mesh world with intangibles. He deceives Othello by working his # 8220 ; free and unfastened nature # 8221 ; and later fast ones Roderigo by working his lecherousness for Desdemona. It is merely imperative that Iago be the sculpturer of Othello. Iago # 8217 ; s complexness and diverseness enables him to order the important scenes in the drama and hence be the pigment for Shakespeare # 8217 ; s canvas. Relatively 315

Kashmir Floods and Disaster Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Kashmir Floods and Disaster Management. Answer: Introduction: The Kashmir Flood, India that occurred in the year of 2014, after five consecutive days of rain, had a disastrous impact on the lives leaving approximately 400 people dead, approximately six lakh people stranded as well as schools and other large buildings destroyed (Shah 2015). Considered to be the worst flood in the last hundred years, the natural disaster has clearly pointed out that lack of disaster preparedness on part of the government is primarily responsible for the catastrophe. The national government agency had been blamed largely owing to its callousness in dealing with natural disasters. Not only, is the government entrusted with implementing a variety of preventive measures so as to eliminate the potential risks involved, but it is also expected to raise the public awareness about the causes of flood, and the risks involved. As far as the preparedness of the risk Management authority was concerned, a striking lack of voluntary activists aggravated the problem. The state did not have enough boats in order to rescue the victims in proper time, and hence new boats had to be ferried from other states, ultimately leading to further delay in the rescue problem and aggravation of the problem . Further, despite the presence of various volunteers, the state had a huge dearth of trained, professional volunteers, or adequate staffs who could be actively engaged in eliminating the risks involved in the disaster. The absence of skilled manpower along with the lack o f advanced technology, employed by the government had failed to mitigate the impact of the disaster on the lives of the people (Gogoi 2014). Further, a large number of people had to seek shelter in different community run relief centers, and yet the volunteers or the government agencies were unable to get a consolidated list of rescued people. Hence, it became even difficult to identify the people who were being involved in the disaster as well. As far as the government of Jammu and Kashmir is concerned, the government did have a highly inefficient and outdated disaster and calamity Management policy, as a result of which once the disaster occurred, shortage of boats and bad weather kept many people stranded. Besides, it is not sufficient for the government to formulate and implement risk preventive measures, as it is equally important to engage the common people in research and development activities for the mitigation of the impacts of the disasters. However, in case of India, IGNOU is the only state that has been offering disaster management courses, as a result of which very few people are engaging in the research and development activities for mitigating the impact of flood here. Further, it is equally important to mention here that the Union Ministry of Water Resources of India does have a flood forecast system with more than 157 centers in India and yet there is no forecast system for one of the most flood prone state s of India- Jammu and Kashmir (Kumar 2017). As far as the US jurisdiction regarding the workplace safety is concerned, the Occupational Safety and Health Acts of 1970, has mandated that it is the responsibility of the employers to offer a safe environment to the employees. The FLSA Act of the USA clearly states that the employees working in an organization must be at least 18 years of age, and not below that. Similarly, the Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 protects and safeguards the health and well-being of all the workers, engaged in mining and mineral processing activities. However, in order to avert the risks, the government acts do not incorporate any form of technological innovation to protect the lives of the employees. The employers under the OSH Act are directed to protect the employees from serious, recognized hazards and risks. However, while serious risks imply fatal accidents that can take a toll on the life of an employee, the recognized hazards may imply the risk of an employee of getting heavily injured. Howe ver, minor injuries caused by trip and fall, that can completely or partially disable and hurt the employer or occupational stress are not being covered under the OSHA Act. The issue of cockpit intrusion is indeed an odd case, and it cannot be predicted easily by the Management authority that a deranged man might barge in the pilots room, and intervene with the operational activity of the pilot. However, since in 2011 four similar incidents had occurred, the management must become doubly cautious regarding the safety of the cockpit door. Since similar incidents have already occurred before, the aircraft organizations must foresee the risks associated with the issue of cockpit intrusion, and should accordingly introduce reinforced, bullet proof doors, in order to prevent the intruders from barging in the cockpit. However, back in 2000, it might have seemed to be unlikely to expect a deranged man barging in the cockpit without any reason, Although the argument of foresee-ability can be justified to a considerable extent, for overall safety of the passengers, rules should have been imposed to ensure that the cockpit doors remain locked during the flight. A s far as the controllability of the issue is concerned, the management authority can easily control the risks involved. The pilots could be summoned and asked about their experiences regarding cockpit intrusion and accordingly feasible solutions could be implemented. Since a single co-pilot finds it difficult to get rid of the intruder, the provision of more than two co-pilots within the cockpit can also be highly effective. Since the cockpit door is the only barrier existing between the passenger and a pilot, at least one more security door can be installed, that can act as a fortification against the determined intruders. Besides, rules should also have been imposed to ensure that the cockpit doors remain locked during the flight. However, it was very reasonable for British Airways Boeing 747, that it was unable to predict and foresee the risks involved in keeping its door unlocked. The human made disaster that took place lives of four people created major question on the viability of the risk management that would have been the primary concern of the management of the park and the negligence of which has resulted in the massacre. Accidents are unnatural aspect of life on earth. There are certain desired and perfect circumstances that are rather regarded normal if we consider the damage and the ill effect that the particular accident might cause (Koubaridis et al. 2016). In case if the cause is behind normality, there raise the question on managing the risk factors and the ultimate situation that has lead to the disaster. The incident or rather the negligence of the authority of the park has ultimately leaded to the situation that took lives of the visitors. If the legal framework and the jurisdiction is taken into consideration, it has to be said that it falls under the responsibility of the management to undertake the safety measures at the workplace. Thus, the accident that occurred at Dreamworld could have easily been avoided in case proper precaution was undertaken. In case of an amusement park, the authorities should have undertaken proper approach and shall have conducted regular checks on the rides that the disaster could have been restricted (McKeith 2016). The common law says that an organization should provide a safe system to work and should also have a well trained supervisor who shall be responsible for the overall safety and regulation of the particular place. In addition to this, the Statute law also establishes the functions and rules to draw and maintain a comprehensive measure to take necessary precaution against any kind of faulty measure. The police after investigation had presented their view point and have claimed that the parks authority is completely responsible for the disaster that took place there and killed four. The park was shut down for a number of days as investigation was going on but soon within a span of one month, the park was reopened and it started operating like the same way as before. As evident from the reports, the experts have claimed that the disaster that took place in the park is indeed due to the negligence of the workers and authorities at the park. The accident could have been prevented if they were careful enough and had the basic instinct of understanding the importance of live that the accident has taken away. The risks to employees act, also states that for any kind of engineering bodies like cranes, vessels and other equipment, should be under the regulations in the Queensland, under the registration of professional engineers (Murray 2016). Therefore, it can be clearly claimed that the authorities of the part were much responsible for the accident that took place at the place. The experience of the Family ride would have been better and everyone would have been saved if the authority had performed their duties and had taken the necessary steps at the right time. The Dream world Disaster is one of the largest man-made disasters that had shocked everyone by the tragic, catastrophic death of the four members of a family, owing to the accident that happened on the Thunder River Rapids Ride. While a theme park is meant to amuse the visitors, the malfunctioning of the rides had led to the question that to what extent these rides are safe. The four members of the family were flipped out of the raft as the family ride got plagued by technical problems, ultimately taking a tool on the lives of the four members of the same family. There is no point denying the fact that the risk assessment methods would be of great use while managing the risks involved in case of the theme parks. First of all, it is important to assess and critically analyze the risks that can be involved in the rides, considering the design and structure and layout of the park as well as the rides, and accordingly the construction safety requirements must be evaluated. At present, the Australian government has introduced the Amusement Rides and Devices Australian Standard that lays out the mandatory rules and safety laws which each amusement ride operator must abide by. While assessing the risks involved in the theme park rides, the management authority must ensure that all the laws and rules are being conformed to. Each ride should be identified, and the risk involved should be evaluated, and accordingly the solutions or the preventive measures should be implemented (Withey 2016). Each risk factor should be identified and analyzed against ea ch ride, risks should range from intense physical injury risks, to minor risks such as nausea from jerks and accelerations should be identified. Special attention has to be provided to the design of locks and restraints or else unplanned release of locks can easily lead to unplanned release of locks ultimately leading to fatal accidents. Next, a risk assessment report would be used for identifying the risks according to the gravity of the risks involved, such as minor risks might include light injury risks, while moderate risks might include serious risk that would lead to hospital admission, and major risks would include fatalities. In order to address the risk matters in an effective way, it is highly important to hire at least two or three risk experts who would identify the risks and accordingly offer preventive measures for the same (Hanrahan 2016). At the same time, it is equally important to engage each ride owner in the risk assessment programs, so that they can be doubly cautious about the potential risks involved. Further, the consumers should be offered risk handouts before they avail the rides, that have been asse ssed to have risks ranging from moderate to severe levels. Reference List: Gogoi, E. 2014.Kashmir Flood Disaster How the Next One Could Be Avoided. [online] Available at: https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2014/09/12/kashmir-flood-disaster-how-the-next-one-could-be-avoided/ [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. Hanrahan, J. 2016.From a near miss 30 years ago to a similar capsizing just months before fatal accident: Horror stories from Dreamworld's Thunder River Rapids ride revealed Read more: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3878712/Dreamworld-disaster-Horror-stories-revealed-doomed-Thunder-Rapids-Ride.html#ixzz4fdU9qdru Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3878712/Dreamworld-disaster-Horror-stories-revealed-doomed-Thunder-Rapids-Ride.html [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. Koubaridis, A., Burke, L., and Willis, C., 2016 Couple missed Dreamworld disaster when they let others go ahead of them Available at: https://www.news.com.au/national/queensland/whole-family-wiped-out-in-dreamworld-tragedy/news-story/8d482a62c29ac586cb6faf31e2218bf2 [Accessed on: 29-4-2017] Kumar, R. 2017.Flood hazard and risk assessment of 2014 floods in Kashmir Valley: a space-based multisensor approach. [online] Springer Link. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-016-2428-4 [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. McKeith, S., 2016 Dreamworld Disaster: Police Complete Analysis Of Theme Park Site Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/11/06/dreamworld-disaster-police-complete-analysis-of-theme-park-site/ [Accessed on: 29-4-2017] Murray, W., 2016 Dreamworld: four confirmed dead at Australian theme park as it happened Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/live/2016/oct/25/dreamworld-four-people-critically-injured-at-australian-theme-park-live-updates [Accessed on: 29-4-2017] Shah, A. 2015.Kashmir Floods And Disaster Management OpEd. [online] Eurasia Review. Available at: https://www.eurasiareview.com/14102015-kashmir-floods-and-disaster-management-oped/ [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. The Conversation. (2017).Deaths at Dreamworld theme park could lead to safety changes for amusement rides. [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/deaths-at-dreamworld-theme-park-could-lead-to-safety-changes-for-amusement-rides-67701 [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017]. Withey, A. 2016.Dreamworld deaths: Expert believes maintenance issue, not ride's age, as reason for deadly accident. [online] ABC News. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-26/dreamworld-accident-expert-points-to-maintenance-issues/7967020 [Accessed 29 Apr. 2017].

Rtgtg Research Paper Example Essay Example

Rtgtg Research Paper Example Paper That data includes, but is not limited to, student records, personnel records, business, and accounting records. The explosion of networks and Internet related informational activities means that this sensitive data is more conveniently available to authorized staff in ways undreamed of even a few years ago but is also at risk. M-DDCD must address the issue of the security of this data in such a way that all avenues of access are strictly controlled and that the privacy and value of the data are not compromised. The Office of Management and Compliance Audits (MAC), in concert with Loss of funding (for example, FEET) due to the transmission of incorrect data to other agencies Unfair penalty or advantage to students due to the transmission of incorrect data (for example, incorrect transcripts resulting in unfair penalty or advantage to students applying for college and/or scholarships) Loss of negotiating or advantage by unauthorized disclosure of lists and other business assets to vendors Liability for incorrect data (including State and Federal penalties) Errors in business decisions due to inaccurate data Negative publicity surrounding the use of incorrect data and subsequent regulatory enforcement Inability to process business transactions in a timely fashion or not at all Sensitive data is defined as any data that should only be viewed by authorized personnel. We will write a custom essay sample on Rtgtg Research Paper Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rtgtg Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rtgtg Research Paper Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Data sensitivity is determined by, but not limited to, federal and state laws (including privacy acts), M-DDCD Board Policies, and decisions by senior staff and/or the data owners (see section 2. 1 of this document). 1. 3 Background of M-DDCD Data Security Historically, almost all M-DDCD data was kept on the M-DDCD mainframe at ITS and access was strictly controlled through the use of the mainframe IBM SO/390 Security Servers (RACE). As long as valuable data is kept on the mainframe, this accepted Trinidad-true method of protection will continue to be the mainstay of our mainframe security efforts. Moreover, it provides a model hierarchical protection scheme, which can be used in an expanded network security paradigm. This includes the delegation of local authorization duties to an approved supervisor at the site. Approved supervisors include school principals and department heads. 2. 0 Scope In this document, authorized staff will hereafter be defined as all M-DDCD employees, consultants, vendors, auditors, students, temporary help, volunteers, and others authorized by M-DDCD to use the specific M-DDCD computer systems, applications, and information required for the performance of their Job or function. These specific Page 2 of 2 functions are determined and/or approved by the site supervisor. Authorizations without the site administrators approval is prohibited. Modification of The following is a list of some of the individuals/resources the Network Security Standards apply to: All authorized staff, volunteers, students, and vendors as well as unauthorized parties seeking access to M-DDCD computer resources All M-DDCD mainframes, minicomputers, personal computers, outside timesharing reverie, outside suppliers of data, network systems, wireless devices, M-DDCD- licensed software, switches, routers, hubs, wireless devices, and computer workstations All M-DDCD data and reports derived from these facilities All programs developed on M-DDCD time or using company equipment All terminals, communication lines, and associated equipment on M-DDCD premises or connected to M-DDCD computers over physical or virtual links Any equipment not owned by M-DDCD but connected to the M-DDCD network. All M-DDCD staff and authorized non-staff must be aware of the risks and act in the best interest of M-DDCD. These standards detail staffs responsibilities for computer security. Unauthorized persons who attempt to use M-DDCD computer resources will be prosecuted to the fullest extent possible. 2. 1 Owners of Data All computer files and data are to be associated with a user. In general, unless otherwise specified, the head of the department who requested the creation of the files and programs that store and manipulate the data on the computer is the owner of the data. The owner is responsible for specifying whether the data is sensitive and which user-ids will be authorized to access it, or who will be responsible for giving ouch authorization. 3. Physical Security Adequate building security (both physical and environmental) must be provided for the protection of all physical and logical M-DDCD computer assets and especially sensitive applications and data. Security includes, but is not limited to, lockable doors and windows, limited access, protection from water, fire, and the elements, alarms, access controls, and surveillance devices such as cameras and monitors. Site supervisors must protect all hardware and software assigned to their location. Administrative computers must be segregated from classroom computers. Students ND unauthorized personnel should never have access to administrative machines. Page 3 of 3 4. Non-Mainframe System Security Non-mainframe systems (Local Area Network (LANA) and Wide Area Network (WAN)) must have the same protection methodology in place as do mainframes to ensure MADCAP computer assets are secure. Programmatic methods are to be used to control access to non-mainframe resources. These methods include defining specific users or groups to specific system resources, and use of the least privilege concept for access to all system-level resources such as the operating system, utilities, and databases. Least privilege is defined a s a default of no access to these resources and the requirement of explicit permission and authorization by the owner based on need. Non-Mainframe systems must be provided with: 1 . Auditing/logging of such security-relevant information as log-on information, resource access, and TCP/IP addresses whenever possible. 2. Security modifications and system administrator events. 3. Ability to audit [log specific users and resources on demand. 4. Ability to send specific security sensitive events directly to a specified administrators workstation, terminal, or e-mail, preferably with an audible alarm. . 1 M-DDCD Network Systems Security Network systems include any local area network (LANA)2, wide-area network (WAN)3, dial-up, Internet, servers, server connections, switches, hubs, routers, lines, software, and data that are outside the M-DDCD mainframe system. The security must include both physical and logical layers of protection. As M-DDCD moves from storing and transferring sensitive information used within the M-DDCD in a closed network architecture utilizing private and/or leased lines to an open network architecture using Internet and TCP/IP networks, employees must pay particular attention to the security of these assets. 4. 1. 1 Network Structure, Hierarchy, and Requirements As a statement of direction, all administrative PC-type servers in M-DDCD should migrate to the Windows 2003 (or above) operating system. Microsoft no longer supports Windows NT or Windows 2000 and will not provide fixes or reports for vulnerabilities, including any new ones found. No Windows NT servers are to be connected to the network and every effort must be made to remove Windows 2000 servers currently connected. Since these Operating Systems (SO) are unsupported, there is no anti-virus or patching available for them and they are therefore unprotected. Sensitive data should be moved to a server with a higher level SO. Applications should be updated to work on and be moved too higher level SO if at all possible. If an updated version is not available vendors must be notified that Page 4 of 4 they must provide an updated version of the application as soon as possible. All servers still using Microsoft Windows NT must be migrated to a Windows 2003 or above server platform immediately or disconnected from the network. Administrators of servers currently using Novella, or any other PC network operating system should also strongly consider migrating to Windows 2003 or above Server. Desktops and laptops connected to the network should similarly be migrated to Windows XP SSP or above to take advantage of higher levels of security. 2. The District employs Active Directory Services (ADS), a hierarchical process similar to a pyramid. Information Technology Services has established and maintains the root ADS (the top of the pyramid) for MADCAP and determines local and group policy settings. In Microsoft terms, this structure is best described as a forest. All other District servers will be added to the ITS established Active Directory forest. Below the root in the forest are Organizational Units (Us) that are the school and administrative sites in the District. These local US are simply smaller networks with their own Domain Controllers (DC) that connect to the M-DDCD network. These Dos are under ITS auth ority and are not to be managed in any way by the local OH administrators. Local OH administrators must strictly limit access to their OH from other US as well as the outside. ITS must have Enterprise Administrator rights to all US in the District forest. ITS must provide advanced notification of group policy changes. 4. Computers with Windows xx or earlier are prohibited from being connected to any M-DDCD network. The security features of this level of SO are extremely primitive and leave user accounts vulnerable to a variety of risks, including unencrypted caching of user-ids and passwords. As stated previously in this document, all Windows computer SO must be Windows XP SSP or above. This level SO provides protection from the various strains of worms, which propagate rapidly through networks via computers with a lower level SO. Although Windows 2000 workstations employ a better security paradigm than Windows xx, they are no longer supported by Microsoft and should be replaced and/or removed from the network as soon as possible, as described in preceding sections. 5. All locations must migrate from the original school and District networks to the decathlons network. Most of these are old networks with weak security and must be removed from production immediately. 6. M-DDCD Board Policies/directives/standards regarding the following topics must be read and followed at all times: M-DDCD Acceptable Use Policy of the Network/Lenten for staff http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 04. HTML M-DDCD Acceptable Use Policy of the Network/Lenten for students http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 03. HTML Page 5 of 5 M-DDCD Board Policy regarding Copyright http://www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p02531. HTML M-DDCD Board Policy regarding staff use of District e-mail systems http:// www. Lola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 05. HTML M-DDCD Board Policy regarding student use of District e-mail systems http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 06. HTML The Office of Management and Compliance Audits (MAC) web site, which includes the School IT Audit Assessment http://Mac. decathlon s. Net/audits/it. Asp 7. Each department or school must maintain a disaster contingency plan to provide for recovery of data in case of catastrophic loss. At minimum, all MADCAP data must be backed-up once a week and all mission-critical data must be backed-up daily. Data on the backup media will be verified as usable. 8. Administrative computers are defined as non-classroom computers on which M-DDCD requisition and business functions, exempt student academic and demographic data, staff e-mail directives, staff tasks, etc. Are stored and/or viewed. These computers should be kept physically and virtually separate from instructional computers. Students are not to have access, either physical or virtual, to production servers or any administrative computers. 9. Every effort should be made to secure classroom machines on which student testing, test grading and evaluation, grade book activities, and staff e-mail functions are carried out. This includes: a. Installing application passwords and timeouts, b. Up-to-date anti-virus software, c. Separate computers for teacher use only, d. He most current version of the Districts patch- management software to ensure the computer has the most recent software and operating system security patches, e. Installation of anti-spare applications when available, f. Possib le storage of grade and test data on removable (encrypted) media, and g. Limiting unsupervised student access as much as possible individual student accounts or common student accounts (STUDENT) should be separate from teacher accounts. Page 6 of 6 10. All administrative computers and server consoles that are used to access or control sensitive data must have a screen saver timeout and password after a specific period of inactivity or some other lockout mechanism to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing the data via the logged-in users account. The Windows timeout with password is available even if the specific application does not have one. Users should also be in the habit of locking their computer or logging off when they are finished or leaving the computer unattended, even for a brief time (See section 5. 1. 3 in this document). These computers may also have boot-up passwords. The timeout may be temporarily turned off by the local adman when the computer is to be used for presentations or other instructional activities but must be turned back on when the activity has been completed. 1 1 . Classroom computers are defined as computers used by students or servers that once instructional computers. There are to be no administrative applications, especially mainframe sessions, installed on any of these computers or servers. 12. Outside access to M-DDCD networks should only be through hardened Web servers. This means that Web servers should have no other applications running on them and should not connect easily to the rest of the M-DDCD network. Information on Web pages must be kept as current as possible. 13. Access to critical resources should be managed by assigning individuals to a group. The group should be set up with the authority necessary to do the specific job/task or access specific data. This will provide management with a more efficient method to remove access authority when a user no longer is responsible for performing the task. Group membership should be reviewed on a regular basis to ensure all members are appropriate. Under no circumstances should users be assigned data folder or application rights as an individual, except for home folders. 14. Locations maintaining their own network components must keep diagrammed documentation indicating how the network is physically conferred (I. E. , location of servers, switches, routers, etc. ). 15. All software that restricts, prevents or inhibits updates sent by ITS, including, but not limited to Deep Freeze, Fortress, Clean Slate, HAD Guard, and others of this type are not to be installed without written permission from ITS. 16. No form of Wake On Lana (WOOL) tool should be used to automatically turn on computers unless it is for immediate maintenance purposes, such as imaging or to allow monthly updates to be sent. The use of this type of a tool undermines the purpose and effect of the new Power Management Program, which is a District-wide initiative that will save millions of dollars and help reduce emissions (See 5. 0. 17). In addition, local power management settings on PCs should only be altered by ITS. Page 7 of 7 4. 1. 2 Data Access, Transfer and Communication 1 . Firewalls are servers that function as a barrier preventing unauthorized outside access to the M-DDCD network. Exceptions requiring access from the outside must be documented by filling out Its Remote Client Support Agreement IP Entry (FM-6045) (old), or either of the new VPN/Dial-Up Access Request forms (FM-6629, for vendors or employees). ITS will keep firewall audit logs and review them regularly for illicit activity against the firewall. 2. Access to secure mainframe applications via the network requires RACE authorization. 3. Dial-in to the M-DDCD network requires network authorization and access authentication. 4. Accessing District resources using Remote Access Services (RASA) such as Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), dial-in technology with a modem, from external providers may pose a risk to the network and the data. This provides a back door around network security by giving users a direct connection to a remote server. If remote access is authorized and sensitive/confidential data is to be transmitted, the line must be secured by Virtual Private Network (VPN), Secure Socket Layer (SSL), or some other genealogy that encrypts the data so that it is never transmitted in clear text. Hackers using sniffed technology often scan transmission lines looking for data they can use. Examples include user-ids and passwords, account numbers and financial information, student data deemed exempt from public release by state law, or Human Resource (HRS) data. 5. The use of communications software that provides the ability to remotely take over a network connected PC is prohibited unless authorized by ITS. If it is used, it should be strictly controlled by the local administrator and user. It should be turned on only when support is needed (and the user has given permission, if applicable) and immediately turned off once the support has been provided. Certain remote administration tools, like VAN freeware, are unsupported, have known security vulnerabilities, and are removed when found by the Districts anti-spare. ITS recommends district technical staff uses Damager as a low cost alternative to VAN. 6. Confidential data taken from the District, whether via laptop, Jump drive, removable media like a CD or floppy disk, PDA, e-mail, FTP, printed report, or any other method, must be encrypted, redacted, or otherwise terrorized so if the content falls in the wrong hands it cannot be misused. Agencies outside the school systems secure cloud that engage in File Transfer Protocol (FTP)5 operations or e-mail transmission with the District in which confidential data is transferred are to be encouraged to utilize an encryption process requiring asymmetrical (public and private) keys, such Page 8 of 8 as BGP (Pretty Good Privacy). Transfer of confidential data and any exceptions to the encryption process must be authorized by ITS. 7. Application software that has built- in security functions must have these functions activated when this software involves influential data. In addition, new software purchased to handle confidential data should have security capabilities as documented in sections 5. 1 Usuries and Passwords and 4. 0 Non-Mainframe System Security. 8. Users should be aware that unprotected folders on the network are prey to many different forms of hacking. It is the responsibility of the local site administrator to ensure that this data is secure. 9. Network Administrators, including ITS staff, are prohibited from viewing or otherwise manipulating user files on the users local drive without the permission of he user or the approval of appropriate administrative, legal or police staff unless there is a critical need to do so. Critical need is defined as faulty system function, virus activity, illicit hacking or Internet activities, pornographic or other offensive material activity, or other violations of District policies. These policies include, but are not limited to, the Network and Internet Acceptable Use Policy, the Staff and Student EMail Policies, the Copyright Infringement Policy, the Network Security Standards or any other District policy, Board Policy or directive relating to user conduct. It should e noted that the District e-mail policies discuss the lack of privacy in the e-mail system at length. 10. Personal or vendor-owned devices such as desktops, laptops, Personal Digital Assistants (Pads), etc. , or portable/removable storage devices/media such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) Jump drives should not be connected to any M-DDCD network without network administrator/site supervisor approval. These devices may carry applications, configurations, viruses, etc. That pose a risk to the network or may be used to remove sensitive data from the network. School system technicians may grant approval after,

Deep Vein Thrombosis Essay Example

Deep Vein Thrombosis Essay Example Deep Vein Thrombosis Essay Deep Vein Thrombosis Essay Essay Topic: Deep I am here to talk to you about deep vein thrombosis and about its causes and effects it can have on a person. You all have probably heard about this disease, but most likely have never encountered it. It is generally common to older people around 40 years plus and to people who have not had proper exercise. It is disease of the circulatory system causing a blood clot to form in one of the deep veins in the body, especially in the calf or thigh. This is where blood moves most slowly, and when a deep vein thrombosis occurs the blood goes so slow that it forms a solid wedge-like clot in the vein. Most of the time after the clot has happened pains can be felt where the clot has formed. Also the skin temperature can be raised around the clot and sudden swelling can be seen. Occasionally, some of the surface veins may be more visible than usual. If the clot has formed in the leg then flexing the foot may also cause pain. DVT can be quite easily detected. Scientists have found a way of using ultrasound technology to detect even the tiniest of clots. Another way is to give blood tests which would show the state of a by product of clotting material called D-dimer. If the doctor suspects a DVT, they usually would arrange an ultrasound test. You may think DVTs are life-threatening and easily cause deaths, but they are not. However, the complications can be fatal. The most common and most fatal complication is pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism has a one in three chance of happening. This causes a piece of clot to break away and become lodged inside the lungs causing severe breathing difficulties. This is generally untreated and one in ten people with this die. Rarities include a piece being lodged in other parts of the body, including the brain. This could lead to a stroke. A less serious complication that affects most people after DVT is post-thrombotic syndrome which causes ulceration, swelling and pain at the skin around the vein valves where the DVT has occurred. Around seventy percent of DVT victims need to be cared for in a hospital during the initial stages as the doctors aim to dissolve the clot and stop further clots from forming. The most common type of treatment is to thin the blood, using the drug heparin, to make the blood flow easily. Patients are then given warfarin for several months to stop a haemorrhage from forming. Painkillers are also given as is heat to the area. There are many reasons why DVTs occur. The medical reasons that make them more likely to occur include a family history of the disease, cancer, obesity, and varicose veins. Paralysis or immobility also causes DVT. After a broken leg or major surgery DVTs are common because patients are unable to move discouraging blood flow. Nowadays patients are told to do exercise right from the beginning. Women who are taking the pill are four times more likely to have a DVT than those who are not as are women on hormone replacement therapy. Pregnant women or those who have just given birth are also more likely to experience then. However, the most common cause of a DVT to occur has only been discovered recently. A French study has shown that people who travel for long hours on a car, train or plane, are four times more likely to have a DVT than anyone else. There is an increased risk to air travellers as the inactivity and dehydration, make the blood sticky. Special compression stockings and foot cushions have been invented to reduce the risks of DVT in legs. Taking drug-thinning tablets, i. e. aspirin, before a long flight and waling around in the cabin can make it easy for the blood to climb up the veins, therefore reducing the risk of a DVT. Keeping mobile is vital especially after an operation. DVT has also been part of the media coverage over the past few years. Many newspapers and television news stations have reported on scientists findings and how DVT is a cause for concern. The government pledged over one million pounds into research of DVT and its link with air travel. After this many families of victims called on the many MPs to give better warning about DVT, this lead to TV campaigns and more awareness on planes. Airlines were told to make their planes a lot less cramped as they were also a major factor resulting in a DVT. However, airlines were later being sued for corporate manslaughter after many passengers continued to die due to Deep Vein Thrombosis. Ana article in the Daily Mail on the 22nd of October showed that fifteen families had asked police chiefs nationwide to investigate the deaths and then charge the airline bosses. Earlier in August the RAC foundation had warned drivers are at a risk as well as passengers on long drives. They warned that even younger drivers were at risk from a blood clot as well as older drivers. The foundation proved that it is not only airplanes that cause DVT, but that it is confined spaces and inactivity that causes them as well. The AA also backed this up by giving evidence of a taxi driver who died following long periods of time in his taxi. An inquest had found that he had suffered a DVT and it had moved up into his lungs before killing him. His widow believed the job was most definitely to blame. Many airlines have been forced to give compensation to families of victims and victims themselves. On the 18th of October this year a women won i 13000 from Virgin Atlantic because she suffered a DVT and many other injuries after she was crushed by a 23 stone American women on a flight. She complained to the air crew on board but there were no seats, therefore she had to suffer. Another court case this autumn will secure payments from airlines for half a million pounds for people who have died from DVT.

The ethical dilemmas surrounding gay marriages Research Paper

The ethical dilemmas surrounding gay marriages - Research Paper Example Despite that, the past Christianity was much stricter than the present (Jonathan, 2004). Regardless of such, there are ethical implications that surround such relations. They have not been accorded certain basic benefits, rights and protection granted to heterosexual couples under the state from the federal law. Though gay couple lives in relationships that have a strong commitment on love among one other, responsibility and a right to enter into relation with a partner they choose, they are denied certain human rights legal and economic stability given by institution of marriages. Gay Rights have been denied at many instances. From the article, wedding professionals in at least six states were reported on a case of antidiscrimination. The cake baker refused on religious Grounds offer services to gay couples. In another case at New Mexico, a supreme court ruled against Albuquerque photography business. They had violated state antidiscrimination law. They refused to take photos of a lesbian couple’s commitment ceremony. Moreover, a number of cases were pending in other states such as Colorado, Illinois, and New York and other (Jonathan, 2004). Religious rights deny Gays Equality. The acceptance of gays has continued to grow in America ,but most still strongly convict them that homosexuality is abhorrent ,as gays violates some of gods most basic commandment for humanity and that acceptance of gays in America in abhorrent to God. From the article, a person is quoted saying that his refusal to cake baking on same sex marriages was not motivated by â€Å"hatred of gays† but rather a â€Å"desire to live his life in obeying Gods word." Despite such, constitution guarantee of religious liberty that protects them both there believe the right to act on their belief. They are wrong. Religious Beliefs and Religious Acts-Religiously motivated discrimination is rampant among conservative Christians. They have failed to convince

Discussion Board 3-1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board 3-1 - Essay Example In that line, assessment plan should prioritize clients with mental disorder and subject to medical management. This population represents 15% of the 75% of the people with mental health disorder. The reason for prioritizing this population is that the nature of treatment (medical management) is less complex. At this level the assessment may involve reviewing compliance to prescription if available and response to medication. The next population in the assessment plan should be the 30% population with mental health disorder and subject to individual psychotherapy only. Assessment of this population will involve interviews of the clients and analysis of behaviors of the clients. Due to the bigger size of the population, the activity will consider three-quarter of the population as sample. Following will be the 15% of population with mental health disorder and subjected to family therapy. Assessment of this population will also involve interview of the individual clients and family members. In addition, assessment will analyze behaviors of the clients to determine any changes. The plan will then consider the 30% population with mental health disorder and subject to individual psychotherapy and medical management. Assessment of the population will combine techniques used in assessing both the treatment techniques (individual psychotherapy and medical management). Since the population is somewhat big, the as sessment will take three-quarter of the total subjects. The next in the plan will be the 10% population with mental health disorder and subject to both individual psychotherapy and family therapy models of treatment. Assessing the population at this position is important since the evaluator will benefit from the already explored issues when assessing the techniques individually. The task will be less complex and less confusing as would be if conducted earlier before considering the individual

Wills and Trusts Essay Example for Free

Wills and Trusts Essay Facts:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tom is trustee of a trust created by Abe in 1986. The corpus consists of stocks and bonds worth $150,000, an apartment house appraised at $650,000 in a neighborhood which is becoming increasingly industrial, and a vacant lot. Yearly net income from the stocks and bonds is $12,000, and from the apartment house is $36,000. Tom has held the lot for five years, not wanting to sell it at a sacrifice because of the uncertainty of zoning and the location of a proposed highway. The trust instrument directs Tom to pay the income from the trust to Abe for life and, at Abes death, to divide the corpus between Abes children, Ben and Cathy to create two trusts. The two trusts are to continue for Bens and Cathys lives and then to be distributed to their children who are living when Ben or Cathy die. At the end of 1991, Tom sold the vacant lot for $50,000, the fair market value. He also sold some stocks for $35,000, realizing a $10,000 gain. Tom used this money along with $25,000 of accumulated rental income to build an addition to the apartment house. In another 1991 transaction Tom sold for $25,000 stocks that had been purchased in 1989 for $25,000, and lent the proceeds to PO Corp. at 1% below the prevailing interest rate. The loan is secured by a first mortgage on unimproved realty worth $30,000. For several years, Tom has performed substantial services for PO Corp. as a consulting engineer. He owns 100 shares of its common stock. There are 1,000,000 PO shares outstanding. In 1992, Tom allowed Ben to move into the apartment building. Ben got Tom to reduce the rent by $200 per month. Since Ben is an eventual beneficiary of the trust, he argued that he would simply let Cathy have more of the Trust money when Abe died to balance things out. Issue (1): Whether or not Tom breached his duties as trustee and, if so, what are his liabilities to the beneficiaries? Rule:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issue in the case at bar is covered by the law on Trusts, which is basically formed by an arrangement whereby a property or a wealth owned by a person is managed by one person or an organization for the benefit of an individual or an organization. Relevant to this rule are the rights, duties and responsibilities of the settlor – the person creating the trusts, the trustee – the person for whom the property is entrusted, and the beneficiary – the individual for which the benefits of the trust is reposed. Analysis:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It bears stressing at this point that an examination of the rights and duties of the parties, specially that of the trustee, to a trust is imperative in solving the instant issue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As trustee, Tom’s duty is to carry out the express terms of the trust. To be able to do the express terms of the trust, he is duty bound to defend the trust, to prudently invest the trusts assets, to be impartial with respect to the beneficiaries, keeping them informed about the trust and to administer the same in the best interest of the beneficiaries. Additionally, Tom has the duty not to delegate, the duty not to profit and not to engage in activities that may result in conflict of interest position.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With the forgoing considerations and upon close perusal of the facts of the case, Tom has breached his duties as a trustee. The express duty of Tom is the delivery of the income of the trust to Abe for life. As it is, Tom performed acts that prejudiced Abe’s interest in the income of the trust. When Tom sold some of the stocks and realized a $10, 000 gain, he should have delivered the same to Abe since it forms part of the income of the trust. The same is true with the accumulated rental income. It should not have been used to build an addition to the apartment house since it forms part of the income which should be delivered to Abe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tom is also liable for engaging in activities resulting to conflict of interest position. Notwithstanding the amount involved, his act of lending at 1% below the prevailing interest rate the proceeds of the sale of stocks to PO Corporation for which he renders services as a consulting engineer constitutes a breach of obligation on his part as trustee. In the first place, he is not authorized by the express letters of the trust to grant loans using the properties in trust. The breach was further aggravated when he lent the money to a corporation for which he owns shares of stocks and for which he is rendering substantial services.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, the act of Tom in renting the apartment building to Ben at $200 per month less than the prevailing rent is also violative of his duties as a trustee. This would result in the reduction of the income from the apartment building by $2400 per annum to the detriment of Abe. The fact that Ben is an eventual beneficiary is of no moment. Ben has a future interest in the property but this does neither include the right to present possession nor enjoyment of the property. Since Abe is still living, it is only he who has the right to the income and enjoyment of the corpus as well as the income of the trust. Conclusion:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Based on the analysis made above, it is clear that Tom has breached his duties as trustee. His only liability is to Abe who was not able to receive all the income of the trust. As intimated above, Tom has no liability whatsoever to Cathy for like Ben, she is merely a remainderman who has a future interest in the corpus of the trust. She can neither possess nor enjoy the fruits of the trust while Abe is still living. Issue (2):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whether or not Abe received all the income to which he is entitled? Rule:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The rule applicable to this issue is the express provision of the trust instrument itself. The trust instrument directed Tom to: 1) deliver all income from the trust to Abe while the latter is still living; 2) divide the corpus between Ben and Cathy, Abe’s children upon the demise of the latter; and 3) distribute the same to their children who are living when Ben or Cathy die(Palermo). Analysis:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A perusal of the facts of the case reveals that Abe was not able to receive all income that is due him. He was deprived of the $10, 000 gain realized from the sale of some of his stocks worth $35, 000. He was also deprived of the $25, 000 accumulated rental income. Both income were used by Tom to build an addition to the apartment house, when what he should have done according to the clear letters of the trust is to deliver the same to Abe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abe was also deprived of $200 per month when Tom reduced the rent by said amount to the apartment building when Ben, an eventual beneficiary, moved in. Conclusion By not adhering to the letters of the trust instrument, Tom has in effect deprived Abe of the income that the latter is supposed to be entitled to. The trust instrument clearly directed Tom to deliver all income of the trust to Abe for life. Reference: Palermo M. (2006). Crash Course in Wills And Trusts. Electronic article   http://www.mtpalermo.com/httoc.htm